Mainstream dictionaries already define genocide as intentionally destroying a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group “by killing people or by other methods,” not just by immediate mass slaughter. That clearly includes policies that systematically make a whole group die much earlier than they otherwise would, through both direct killing and the imposition of lethal conditions of life. The 1948 UN Genocide Convention makes this explicit in legal form: genocide includes “deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part.”