The common identity group model identifies the potential causes and outcomes of the recategorization process that changes an individual's common ingroup identity. The model assumes that intergroup bias reflects in-group favoritism rather than outgroup derogation. In the model, Gaertner describes the behavior, emotional and social interactions between the group members to be the start of the recategorization process, or the causes (see Figure 1). The outcomes or consequences of those cognitive and motivational processes then changes an individual's attitude to be more positive toward the outgroup. The model also includes representational mediators, or the recategorization processes that change the way we view the group. An example representational mediator would be the recategorization of an individual's ingroup and the outgroup from "us" and "them" to "we".
The causal factors (left) in the model are proposed to influence members' cognitive representations of the whole group. The cognitive representations of an individual such as whether they perceive themselves as one group or two subgroups within one group will then affect the specific cognitive, affective and behavioral consequences (right). The causal factors of the model influences an individual's cognitive representation (center) of their memberships to their ingroup and outgroup that consequently mediate the relationship.
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